Which statement best contrasts non-host adapted Salmonella with host-adapted Salmonella in poultry?

Which statement best contrasts non-host adapted Salmonella with host-adapted Salmonella in poultry?

• A. Non-host adapted Salmonella are typically motile with many serovars; host-adapted Salmonella in poultry are non-motile and include Gallinarum causing fowl typhoid.
• B. Non-host adapted Salmonella are non-motile; host-adapted Salmonella are motile.
• C. Non-host adapted Salmonella cause Pullorum disease; host-adapted cause paratyphoid.
• D. Non-host adapted Salmonella are found only in wild birds; host-adapted occur only in domestic poultry.

Answer: (A)

In poultry, the way Salmonella strains relate to their host influences both their movement and the diseases they cause. Non-host-adapted Salmonella have a broad host range and are typically motile, with many serovars circulating that can infect multiple species. In contrast, poultry-adapted strains tend to be non-motile, reflecting loss or suppression of flagellar genes, and include serovars like Gallinarum, which causes fowl typhoid (and Pullorum disease is caused by S. pullorum, another poultry-adapted, non-motile strain). This creates a clear contrast: motile, diverse non-host-adapted Salmonella versus non-motile, host-adapted Salmonella in poultry. The other statements mix up which serovars cause certain diseases or imply strict wild-versus-domestic distributions that aren’t accurate.

In poultry, the way Salmonella strains relate to their host influences both their movement and the diseases they cause. Non-host-adapted Salmonella have a broad host range and are typically motile, with many serovars circulating that can infect multiple species. In contrast, poultry-adapted strains tend to be non-motile, reflecting loss or suppression of flagellar genes, and include serovars like Gallinarum, which causes fowl typhoid (and Pullorum disease is caused by S. pullorum, another poultry-adapted, non-motile strain). This creates a clear contrast: motile, diverse non-host-adapted Salmonella versus non-motile, host-adapted Salmonella in poultry. The other statements mix up which serovars cause certain diseases or imply strict wild-versus-domestic distributions that aren’t accurate.